A Dream of John Ball, etc.
by William Morris
Hypertext Meanings and Commentaries
from the Encyclopedia of the Self
by Mark Zimmerman

CONTENTS

I.     The Men of Kent
II.    The Man from Essex
III.   They Meet at the Cross
IV.    The Voice of John Ball
V.     They hear Tidings of Battle and make them Ready
VI.    The Battle at the Township's End
VII.   More Words at the Cross
VIII.  Supper at Will Green's
IX.    Betwixt the Living and them Dead
X.     Those Two Talk of the Days to Come
XI.    Hard it is for the Old World to see the New
XII.   Ill would Change be at Whiles were it not for the
                   Change beyond the Change

A KING'S LESSON

A DREAM OF JOHN BALL

CHAPTER I

THE MEN OF KENT

Sometimes I am rewarded for fretting myself so much about present
matters by a quite unasked-for pleasant dream. I mean when I am
asleep. This dream is as it were a present of an architectural
peep-show. I see some beautiful and noble building new made, as
it were for the occasion, as clearly as if I were awake; not
vaguely or absurdly, as often happens in dreams, but with all the
detail clear and reasonable. Some Elizabethan house with its
scrap of earlier fourteenth-century building, and its later
degradations of Queen Anne and Silly Billy and Victoria,
marring but not destroying it, in an old village once a clearing
amid the sandy woodlands of Sussex. Or an old and unusually
curious church, much churchwardened, and beside it a fragment of
fifteenth-century domestic architecture amongst the not
unpicturesque lath and plaster of an Essex farm, and looking
natural enough among the sleepy elms and the meditative hens
scratching about in the litter of the farmyard, whose trodden
yellow straw comes up to the very jambs of the richly carved
Norman doorway of the church. Or sometimes 'tis a splendid
collegiate church, untouched by restoring parson and architect,
standing amid an island of shapely trees and flower-beset
cottages of thatched grey stone and cob, amidst the narrow
stretch of bright green water-meadows that wind between the
sweeping Wiltshire downs, so well beloved of William Cobbett. Or
some new-seen and yet familiar cluster of houses in a grey
village of the upper Thames overtopped by the delicate tracery
of a fourteenth-century church; or even sometimes the very
buildings of the past untouched by the degradation of the sordid
utilitarianism that cares not and knows not of beauty and
history: as once, when I was journeying (in a dream of the night)
down the well-remembered reaches of the Thames betwixt Streatley
and Wallingford, where the foothills of the White Horse fall back
from the broad stream, I came upon a clear-seen mediaeval town
standing up with roof and tower and spire within its walls, grey
and ancient, but untouched from the days of its builders of old.
All this I have seen in the dreams of the night clearer than I
can force myself to see them in dreams of the day. So that it
would have been nothing new to me the other night to fall into an
architectural dream if that were all, and yet I have to tell of
things strange and new that befell me after I had fallen asleep.
I had begun my sojourn in the Land of Nod by a very confused
attempt to conclude that it was all right for me to have an
engagement to lecture at Manchester and Mitcham Fair Green at
half-past eleven at night on one and the same Sunday, and that I
could manage pretty well. And then I had gone on to try to make
the best of addressing a large open-air audience in the costume I
was really then wearing--to wit, my night-shirt, reinforced for
the dream occasion by a pair of braceless trousers. The
consciousness of this fact so bothered me, that the earnest faces
of my audience--who would NOT notice it, but were clearly
preparing terrible anti-Socialist posers for me--began to fade
away and my dream grew thin, and I awoke (as I thought) to find
myself lying on a strip of wayside waste by an oak copse just
outside a country village.

I got up and rubbed my eyes and looked about me, and the
landscape seemed unfamiliar to me, though it was, as to the lie
of the land, an ordinary English low-country, swelling into
rising ground here and there. The road was narrow, and I was
convinced that it was a piece of Roman road from its
straightness. Copses were scattered over the country, and there
were signs of two or three villages and hamlets in sight besides
the one near me, between which and me there was some orchard-
land, where the early apples were beginning to redden on the
trees. Also, just on the other side of the road and the ditch
which ran along it, was a small close of about a quarter of an
acre, neatly hedged with quick, which was nearly full of white
poppies, and, as far as I could see for the hedge, had also a
good few rose-bushes of the bright-red nearly single kind, which
I had heard are the ones from which rose-water used to be
distilled. Otherwise the land was quite unhedged, but all under
tillage of various kinds, mostly in small strips. From the other
side of a copse not far off rose a tall spire white and brand-
new, but at once bold in outline and unaffectedly graceful and
also distinctly English in character. This, together with the
unhedged tillage and a certain unwonted trimness and handiness
about the enclosures of the garden and orchards, puzzled me for a
minute or two, as I did not understand, new as the spire was, how
it could have been designed by a modern architect; and I was of
course used to the hedged tillage and tumbledown bankrupt-looking
surroundings of our modern agriculture. So that the garden-like
neatness and trimness of everything surprised me. But after a
minute or two that surprise left me entirely; and if what I saw
and heard afterwards seems strange to you, remember that it did
not seem strange to me at the time, except where now and again I
shall tell you of it. Also, once for all, if I were to give you
the very words of those who spoke to me you would scarcely
understand them, although their language was English too, and at
the time I could understand them at once.

Well, as I stretched myself and turned my face toward the
village, I heard horse-hoofs on the road, and presently a man and
horse showed on the other end of the stretch of road and drew
near at a swinging trot with plenty of clash of metal. The man
soon came up to me, but paid me no more heed than throwing me a
nod. He was clad in armour of mingled steel and leather, a sword
girt to his side, and over his shoulder a long-handled bill-hook.

His armour was fantastic in form and well wrought; but by this
time I was quite used to the strangeness of him, and merely
muttered to myself, "He is coming to summon the squire to the
leet;" so I turned toward the village in good earnest. Nor,
again, was I surprised at my own garments, although I might well
have been from their unwontedness. I was dressed in a black
cloth gown reaching to my ankles, neatly embroidered about the
collar and cuffs, with wide sleeves gathered in at the wrists; a
hood with a sort of bag hanging down from it was on my head, a
broad red leather girdle round my waist, on one side of which
hung a pouch embroidered very prettily and a case made of hard
leather chased with a hunting scene, which I knew to be a pen and
ink case; on the other side a small sheath-knife, only an arm in
case of dire necessity.

Well, I came into the village, where I did not see (nor by this
time expected to see) a single modern building, although many of
them were nearly new, notably the church, which was large, and
quite ravished my heart with its extreme beauty, elegance, and
fitness. The chancel of this was so new that the dust of the
stone still lay white on the midsummer grass beneath the carvings
of the windows. The houses were almost all built of oak frame-
work filled with cob or plaster well whitewashed; though some had
their lower stories of rubble-stone, with their windows and doors
of well-moulded freestone. There was much curious and
inventive carving about most of them; and though some were old
and much worn, there was the same look of deftness and trimness,
and even beauty, about every detail in them which I noticed
before in the field-work. They were all roofed with oak
shingles, mostly grown as grey as stone; but one was so newly
built that its roof was yet pale and yellow. This was a corner
house, and the corner post of it had a carved niche wherein stood
a gaily painted figure holding an anchor--St. Clement to wit, as
the dweller in the house was a blacksmith. Half a stone's throw
from the east end of the churchyard wall was a tall cross of
stone, new like the church, the head beautifully carved with a
crucifix amidst leafage. It stood on a set of wide stone steps,
octagonal in shape, where three roads from other villages met and
formed a wide open space on which a thousand people or more could
stand together with no great crowding.

All this I saw, and also that there was a goodish many people
about, women and children, and a few old men at the doors, many
of them somewhat gaily clad, and that men were coming into the
village street by the other end to that by which I had entered,
by twos and threes, most of them carrying what I could see were
bows in cases of linen yellow with wax or oil; they had quivers
at their backs, and most of them a short sword by their left
side, and a pouch and knife on the right; they were mostly
dressed in red or brightish green or blue cloth jerkins, with a
hood on the head generally of another colour. As they came
nearer I saw that the cloth of their garments was somewhat
coarse, but stout and serviceable. I knew, somehow, that they
had been shooting at the butts, and, indeed, I could still hear a
noise of men thereabout, and even now and again when the wind set
from that quarter the twang of the bowstring and the plump of the
shaft in the target.

I leaned against the churchyard wall and watched these men,
some of whom went straight into their houses and some loitered
about still; they were rough-looking fellows, tall and stout,
very black some of them, and some red-haired, but most had hair
burnt by the sun into the colour of tow; and, indeed, they were
all burned and tanned and freckled variously. Their arms and
buckles and belts and the finishings and hems of their garments
were all what we should now call beautiful, rough as the men
were; nor in their speech was any of that drawling snarl or thick
vulgarity which one is used to hear from labourers in
civilisation; not that they talked like gentlemen either, but
full and round and bold, and they were merry and good-tempered
enough; I could see that, though I felt shy and timid amongst
them.

One of them strode up to me across the road, a man some six feet
high, with a short black beard and black eyes and berry-brown
skin, with a huge bow in his hand bare of the case, a knife,
a pouch, and a short hatchet, all clattering together at his
girdle.

"Well, friend," said he, "thou lookest partly mazed; what tongue
hast thou in thine head?"

"A tongue that can tell rhymes," said I.

"So I thought," said he. "Thirstest thou any?"

"Yea, and hunger," said I.

And therewith my hand went into my purse, and came out again with
but a few small and thin silver coins with a cross stamped on
each, and three pellets in each corner of the cross. The man
grinned.

"Aha!" said he, "is it so? Never heed it, mate. It shall be a
song for a supper this fair Sunday evening. But first, whose man
art thou?"

"No one's man," said I, reddening angrily; "I am my own master."

He grinned again.

"Nay, that's not the custom of England, as one time belike it
will be. Methinks thou comest from heaven down, and hast had
a high place there too."

He seemed to hesitate a moment, and then leant forward and
whispered in my ear: "John the Miller, that ground small,
small, small," and stopped and winked at me, and from between my
lips without my mind forming any meaning came the words, "The
king's son of heaven shall pay for all."

He let his bow fall on to his shoulder, caught my right hand in
his and gave it a great grip, while his left hand fell among the
gear at his belt, and I could see that he half drew his knife.

"Well, brother," said he, "stand not here hungry in the highway
when there is flesh and bread in the Rose yonder. Come on."

And with that he drew me along toward what was clearly a tavern
door, outside which men were sitting on a couple of benches and
drinking meditatively from curiously shaped earthen pots glazed
green and yellow, some with quaint devices on them.

CHAPTER II

THE MAN FROM ESSEX

I entered the door and started at first with my old astonishment,
with which I had woke up, so strange and beautiful did this
interior seem to me, though it was but a pothouse parlour. A
quaintly-carved side board held an array of bright pewter pots
and dishes and wooden and earthen bowls; a stout oak table went
up and down the room, and a carved oak chair stood by the
chimney-corner, now filled by a very old man dim-eyed and white-
bearded. That, except the rough stools and benches on which the
company sat, was all the furniture. The walls were panelled
roughly enough with oak boards to about six feet from the floor,
and about three feet of plaster above that was wrought in
a pattern of a rose stem running all round the room, freely and
roughly done, but with (as it seemed to my unused eyes) wonderful
skill and spirit. On the hood of the great chimney a huge rose
was wrought in the plaster and brightly painted in its proper
colours. There were a dozen or more of the men I had seen coming
along the street sitting there, some eating and all drinking;
their cased bows leaned against the wall, their quivers hung on
pegs in the panelling, and in a corner of the room I saw half-a-
dozen bill-hooks that looked made more for war than for hedge-
shearing, with ashen handles some seven foot long. Three or four
children were running about among the legs of the men, heeding
them mighty little in their bold play, and the men seemed little
troubled by it, although they were talking earnestly and
seriously too. A well-made comely girl leaned up against the
chimney close to the gaffer's chair, and seemed to be in
waiting on the company: she was clad in a close-fitting gown of
bright blue cloth, with a broad silver girdle daintily wrought,
round her loins, a rose wreath was on her head and her hair hung
down unbound; the gaffer grumbled a few words to her from time to
time, so that I judged he was her grandfather.

The men all looked up as we came into the room, my mate leading
me by the hand, and he called out in his rough, good-tempered
voice, "Here, my masters, I bring you tidings and a tale; give it
meat and drink that it may be strong and sweet."

"Whence are thy tidings, Will Green?" said one.

My mate grinned again with the pleasure of making his joke once
more in a bigger company: "It seemeth from heaven, since this
good old lad hath no master," said he.

"The more fool he to come here," said a thin man with a grizzled
beard, amidst the laughter that followed, "unless he had the
choice given him between hell and England."

"Nay," said I, "I come not from heaven, but from Essex."

As I said the word a great shout sprang from all mouths at once,
as clear and sudden as a shot from a gun. For I must tell you
that I knew somehow, but I know not how, that the men of Essex
were gathering to rise against the poll-groat bailiffs and the
lords that would turn them all into villeins again, as their
grandfathers had been. And the people was weak and the lords
were poor; for many a mother's son had fallen in the war in
France in the old king's time, and the Black Death had slain a
many; so that the lords had bethought them: "We are growing
poorer, and these upland-bred villeins are growing richer, and
the guilds of craft are waxing in the towns, and soon what will
there be left for us who cannot weave and will not dig? Good it
were if we fell on all who are not guildsmen or men of free
land, if we fell on soccage tenants and others, and brought both
the law and the strong hand on them, and made them all villeins
in deed as they are now in name; for now these rascals make more
than their bellies need of bread, and their backs of homespun,
and the overplus they keep to themselves; and we are more worthy
of it than they. So let us get the collar on their necks again,
and make their day's work longer and their bever-time shorter, as
the good statute of the old king bade. And good it were if the
Holy Church were to look to it (and the Lollards might help
herein) that all these naughty and wearisome holidays were done
away with; or that it should be unlawful for any man below the
degree of a squire to keep the holy days of the church, except in
the heart and the spirit only, and let the body labour meanwhile;
for does not the Apostle say, `If a man work not, neither should
he eat'? And if such things were done, and such an estate of
noble rich men and worthy poor men upholden for ever, then would
it be good times in England, and life were worth the living."

All this were the lords at work on, and such talk I knew was
common not only among the lords themselves, but also among their
sergeants and very serving-men. But the people would not abide
it; therefore, as I said, in Essex they were on the point of
rising, and word had gone how that at St. Albans they were
wellnigh at blows with the Lord Abbot's soldiers; that north away
at Norwich John Litster was wiping the woad from his arms, as who
would have to stain them red again, but not with grain or madder;
and that the valiant tiler of Dartford had smitten a poll-groat
bailiff to death with his lath-rending axe for mishandling a
young maid, his daughter; and that the men of Kent were on the
move.

Now, knowing all this I was not astonished that they shouted at
the thought of their fellows the men of Essex, but rather
that they said little more about it; only Will Green saying
quietly, "Well, the tidings shall be told when our fellowship is
greater; fall-to now on the meat, brother, that we may the sooner
have thy tale."  As he spoke the blue-clad damsel bestirred
herself and brought me a clean trencher--that is, a square piece
of thin oak board scraped clean--and a pewter pot of liquor. So
without more ado, and as one used to it, I drew my knife out of
my girdle and cut myself what I would of the flesh and bread on
the table. But Will Green mocked at me as I cut, and said,
"Certes, brother, thou hast not been a lord's carver, though but
for thy word thou mightest have been his reader. Hast thou seen
Oxford, scholar?"

A vision of grey-roofed houses and a long winding street and the
sound of many bells came over me at that word as I nodded "Yes"
to him, my mouth full of salt pork and rye-bread; and then I
lifted my pot and we made the clattering mugs kiss and I drank,
and the fire of the good Kentish mead ran through my veins and
deepened my dream of things past, present, and to come, as I
said: "Now hearken a tale, since ye will have it so. For last
autumn I was in Suffolk at the good town of Dunwich, and thither
came the keels from Iceland, and on them were some men of
Iceland, and many a tale they had on their tongues; and with
these men I foregathered, for I am in sooth a gatherer of tales,
and this that is now at my tongue's end is one of them."

So such a tale I told them, long familiar to me; but as I told it
the words seemed to quicken and grow, so that I knew not the
sound of my own voice, and they ran almost into rhyme and measure
as I told it; and when I had done there was silence awhile, till
one man spake, but not loudly:

"Yea, in that land was the summer short and the winter long; but
men lived both summer and winter; and if the trees grew ill and
the corn throve not, yet did the plant called man thrive and do
well. God send us such men even here."

"Nay," said another, "such men have been and will be, and belike
are not far from this same door even now."

"Yea," said a third, "hearken a stave of Robin Hood; maybe that
shall hasten the coming of one I wot of."  And he fell to singing
in a clear voice, for he was a young man, and to a sweet wild
melody, one of those ballads which in an incomplete and degraded
form you have read perhaps. My heart rose high as I heard him,
for it was concerning the struggle against tyranny for the
freedom of life, how that the wildwood and the heath, despite of
wind and weather, were better for a free man than the court and
the cheaping-town; of the taking from the rich to give to the
poor; of the life of a man doing his own will and not the
will of another man commanding him for the commandment's sake.
The men all listened eagerly, and at whiles took up as a refrain
a couplet at the end of a stanza with their strong and rough, but
not unmusical voices. As they sang, a picture of the wild-woods
passed by me, as they were indeed, no park-like dainty glades and
lawns, but rough and tangled thicket and bare waste and heath,
solemn under the morning sun, and dreary with the rising of the
evening wind and the drift of the night-long rain.

When he had done, another began in something of the same strain,
but singing more of a song than a story ballad; and thus much I
remember of it:

        The Sheriff is made a mighty lord,
            Of goodly gold he hath enow,
        And many a sergeant girt with sword;
            But forth will we and bend the bow.
                We shall bend the bow on the lily lea
                Betwixt the thorn and the oaken tree.

        With stone and lime is the burg wall built,
            And pit and prison are stark and strong,
        And many a true man there is spilt,
            And many a right man doomed by wrong.

            So forth shall we and bend the bow
                And the king's writ never the road shall know.

        Now yeomen walk ye warily,
            And heed ye the houses where ye go,
        For as fair and as fine as they may be,
            Lest behind your heels the door clap to.
                Fare forth with the bow to the lily lea
                Betwixt the thorn and the oaken tree.

        Now bills and bows I and out a-gate!
            And turn about on the lily lea!
        And though their company be great
            The grey-goose wing shall set us free.
                Now bent is the bow in the green abode
                And the king's writ knoweth not the road.

        So over the mead and over the hithe,
            And away to the wild-wood wend we forth;
        There dwell we yeomen bold and blithe
            Where the Sheriff's word is nought of worth.
                Bent is the bow on the lily lea
                Betwixt the thorn and the oaken tree.

But here the song dropped suddenly, and one of the men held up
his hand as who would say, Hist! Then through the open window
came the sound of another song, gradually swelling as though sung
by men on the march. This time the melody was a piece of the
plain-song of the church, familiar enough to me to bring back to
my mind the great arches of some cathedral in France and the
canons singing in the choir.

All leapt up and hurried to take their bows from wall and corner;
and some had bucklers withal, circles of leather, boiled and then
moulded into shape and hardened: these were some two hand-
breadths across, with iron or brass bosses in the centre. Will
Green went to the corner where the bills leaned against the wall
and handed them round to the first-comers as far as they would
go, and out we all went gravely and quietly into the village
street and the fair sunlight of the calm afternoon, now beginning
to turn towards evening. None had said anything since we
first heard the new-come singing, save that as we went out of the
door the ballad-singer clapped me on the shoulder and said:
"Was it not sooth that I said, brother, that Robin Hood should
bring us John Ball?"

CHAPTER III

THEY MEET AT THE CROSS

The street was pretty full of men by then we were out in it, and
all faces turned toward the cross. The song still grew nearer
and louder, and even as we looked we saw it turning the corner
through the hedges of the orchards and closes, a good clump of
men, more armed, as it would seem, than our villagers, as the low
sun flashed back from many points of bright iron and steel. The
words of the song could now be heard, and amidst them I could
pick out Will Green's late challenge to me and my answer; but as
I was bending all my mind to disentangle more words from the
music, suddenly from the new white tower behind us clashed out
the church bells, harsh and hurried at first, but
presently falling into measured chime; and at the first sound of
them a great shout went up from us and was echoed by the new-
comers, "John Ball hath rung our bell!"  Then we pressed on, and
presently we were all mingled together at the cross.

Will Green had good-naturedly thrust and pulled me forward, so
that I found myself standing on the lowest step of the cross, his
seventy-two inches of man on one side of me. He chuckled while I
panted, and said:

"There's for thee a good hearing and seeing stead, old lad. Thou
art tall across thy belly and not otherwise, and thy wind,
belike, is none of the best, and but for me thou wouldst have
been amidst the thickest of the throng, and have heard words
muffled by Kentish bellies and seen little but swinky woollen
elbows and greasy plates and jacks. Look no more on the ground,
as though thou sawest a hare, but let thine eyes and thine
ears be busy to gather tidings to bear back to Essex--or heaven!"

I grinned good-fellowship at him but said nothing, for in truth
my eyes and ears were as busy as he would have them to be. A
buzz of general talk went up from the throng amidst the regular
cadence of the bells, which now seemed far away and as it were
that they were not swayed by hands, but were living creatures
making that noise of their own wills.

I looked around and saw that the newcomers mingled with us must
have been a regular armed band; all had bucklers slung at their
backs, few lacked a sword at the side. Some had bows, some
"staves"--that is, bills, pole-axes, or pikes. Moreover, unlike
our villagers, they had defensive arms. Most had steel-caps on
their heads, and some had body armour, generally a "jack," or
coat into which pieces of iron or horn were quilted; some had
also steel or steel-and-leather arm or thigh pieces. There were
a few mounted men among them, their horses being big-boned
hammer-headed beasts, that looked as if they had been taken from
plough or waggon, but their riders were well armed with steel
armour on their heads, legs, and arms. Amongst the horsemen I
noted the man that had ridden past me when I first awoke; but he
seemed to be a prisoner, as he had a woollen hood on his head
instead of his helmet, and carried neither bill, sword, nor
dagger. He seemed by no means ill-at-ease, however, but was
laughing and talking with the men who stood near him.

Above the heads of the crowd, and now slowly working towards the
cross, was a banner on a high-raised cross-pole, a picture of a
man and woman half-clad in skins of beasts seen against a
background of green trees, the man holding a spade and the woman
a distaff and spindle rudely done enough, but yet with a certain
spirit and much meaning; and underneath this symbol of the
early world and man's first contest with nature were the written
words:

            When Adam delved and Eve span
            Who was then the gentleman?

The banner came on and through the crowd, which at last opened
where we stood for its passage, and the banner-bearer turned and
faced the throng and stood on the first step of the cross beside
me.

A man followed him, clad in a long dark-brown gown of coarse
woollen, girt with a cord, to which hung a "pair of beads" (or
rosary, as we should call it to-day) and a book in a bag. The
man was tall and big-boned, a ring of dark hair surrounded his
priest's tonsure; his nose was big but clear cut and with wide
nostrils; his shaven face showed a longish upper lip and a big
but blunt chin; his mouth was big and the lips closed firmly; a
face not very noteworthy but for his grey eyes well opened and
wide apart, at whiles lighting up his whole face with a
kindly smile, at whiles set and stern, at whiles resting in that
look as if they were gazing at something a long way off, which is
the wont of the eyes of the poet or enthusiast.

He went slowly up the steps of the cross and stood at the top
with one hand laid on the shaft, and shout upon shout broke forth
from the throng. When the shouting died away into a silence of
the human voices, the bells were still quietly chiming with that
far-away voice of theirs, and the long-winged dusky swifts, by no
means scared by the concourse, swung round about the cross with
their wild squeals; and the man stood still for a little, eyeing
the throng, or rather looking first at one and then another man
in it, as though he were trying to think what such an one was
thinking of, or what he were fit for. Sometimes he caught the
eye of one or other, and then that kindly smile spread over his
face, but faded off it into the sternness and sadness of a man
who has heavy and great thoughts hanging about him.
But when John Ball first mounted the steps of the cross a lad at
some one's bidding had run off to stop the ringers, and so
presently the voice of the bells fell dead, leaving on men's
minds that sense of blankness or even disappointment which is
always caused by the sudden stopping of a sound one has got used
to and found pleasant. But a great expectation had fallen by now
on all that throng, and no word was spoken even in a whisper, and
all men's hearts and eyes were fixed upon the dark figure
standing straight up now by the tall white shaft of the cross,
his hands stretched out before him, one palm laid upon the other.

And for me, as I made ready to hearken, I felt a joy in my soul
that I had never yet felt.

CHAPTER IV

THE VOICE OF JOHN BALL

SO now I heard John Ball; how he lifted up his voice and said:

"Ho, all ye good people! I am a priest of God, and in my day's
work it cometh that I should tell you what ye should do, and what
ye should forbear doing, and to that end I am come hither: yet
first, if I myself have wronged any man here, let him say wherein
my wrongdoing lieth, that I may ask his pardon and his pity."

A great hum of good-will ran through the crowd as he spoke; then
he smiled as in a kind of pride, and again he spoke:

"Wherefore did ye take me out of the archbishop's prison but
three days agone, when ye lighted the archbishop's house for
the candle of Canterbury, but that I might speak to you and
pray you: therefore I will not keep silence, whether I have done
ill, or whether I have done well. And herein, good fellows and
my very brethren, I would have you to follow me; and if there be
such here, as I know full well there be some, and may be a good
many, who have been robbers of their neighbours (`And who is my
neighbour?' quoth the rich man), or lechers, or despiteful
haters, or talebearers, or fawners on rich men for the hurt of
the poor (and that is the worst of all)--Ah, my poor brethren who
have gone astray, I say not to you, go home and repent lest you
mar our great deeds, but rather come afield and there repent.
Many a day have ye been fools, but hearken unto me and I shall
make you wise above the wisdom of the earth; and if ye die in
your wisdom, as God wot ye well may, since the fields ye wend to
bear swords for daisies, and spears for bents, then shall ye be,
though men call you dead, a part and parcel of the living
wisdom of all things, very stones of the pillars that uphold the
joyful earth.

"Forsooth, ye have heard it said that ye shall do well in this
world that in the world to come ye may live happily for ever; do
ye well then, and have your reward both on earth and in heaven;
for I say to you that earth and heaven are not two but one; and
this one is that which ye know, and are each one of you a part
of, to wit, the Holy Church, and in each one of you dwelleth the
life of the Church, unless ye slay it. Forsooth, brethren, will
ye murder the Church any one of you, and go forth a wandering man
and lonely, even as Cain did who slew his brother? Ah, my
brothers, what an evil doom is this, to be an outcast from the
Church, to have none to love you and to speak with you, to be
without fellowship! Forsooth, brothers, fellowship is heaven,
and lack of fellowship is hell: fellowship is life, and lack
of fellowship is death: and the deeds that ye do upon the earth,
it is for fellowship's sake that ye do them, and the life that is
in it, that shall live on and on for ever, and each one of you
part of it, while many a man's life upon the earth from the earth
shall wane.

"Therefore, I bid you not dwell in hell but in heaven, or while
ye must, upon earth, which is a part of heaven, and forsooth no
foul part.

"Forsooth, he that waketh in hell and feeleth his heart fail him,
shall have memory of the merry days of earth, and how that when
his heart failed him there, he cried on his fellow, were it his
wife or his son or his brother or his gossip or his brother sworn
in arms, and how that his fellow heard him and came and they
mourned together under the sun, till again they laughed together
and were but half sorry between them. This shall he think on in
hell, and cry on his fellow to help him, and shall find that
therein is no help because there is no fellowship, but every
man for himself. Therefore, I tell you that the proud,
despiteous rich man, though he knoweth it not, is in hell
already, because he hath no fellow; and he that hath so hardy a
heart that in sorrow he thinketh of fellowship, his sorrow is
soon but a story of sorrow--a little change in the life that
knows not ill."

He left off for a little; and indeed for some time his voice had
fallen, but it was so clear and the summer evening so soft and
still, and the silence of the folk so complete, that every word
told. His eyes fell down to the crowd as he stopped speaking,
since for some little while they had been looking far away into
the blue distance of summer; and the kind eyes of the man had a
curious sight before him in that crowd, for amongst them were
many who by this time were not dry-eyed, and some wept outright
in spite of their black beards, while all had that look as if
they were ashamed of themselves, and did not want others to
see how deeply they were moved, after the fashion of their race
when they are strongly stirred. I looked at Will Green beside
me: his right hand clutched his bow so tight, that the knuckles
whitened; he was staring straight before him, and the tears were
running out of his eyes and down his big nose as though without
his will, for his face was stolid and unmoved all the time till
he caught my eye, and then he screwed up the strangest face, of
scowling brow, weeping eyes, and smiling mouth, while he dealt me
a sounding thump in the ribs with his left elbow, which, though
it would have knocked me down but for the crowd, I took as an
esquire does the accolade which makes a knight of him.

But while I pondered all these things, and how men fight and lose
the battle, and the thing that they fought for comes about in
spite of their defeat, and when it comes turns out not to be what
they meant, and other men have to fight for what they meant
under another name--while I pondered all this, John Ball began to
speak again in the same soft and dear voice with which he had
left off.

"Good fellows, it was your fellowship and your kindness that took
me out of the archbishop's prison three days agone, though God
wot ye had nought to gain by it save outlawry and the gallows;
yet lacked I not your fellowship before ye drew near me in the
body, and when between me and Canterbury street was yet a strong
wall, and the turnkeys and sergeants and bailiffs.

"For hearken, my friends and helpers; many days ago, when April
was yet young, I lay there, and the heart that I had strung up to
bear all things because of the fellowship of men and the blessed
saints and the angels and those that are, and those that are to
be, this heart, that I had strung up like a strong bow, fell into
feebleness, so that I lay there a-longing for the green
fields and the white-thorn bushes and the lark singing over
the corn, and the talk of good fellows round the ale-house bench,
and the babble of the little children, and the team on the road
and the beasts afield, and all the life of earth; and I alone all
the while, near my foes and afar from my friends, mocked and
flouted and starved with cold and hunger; and so weak was my
heart that though I longed for all these things yet I saw them
not, nor knew them but as names; and I longed so sore to be gone
that I chided myself that I had once done well; and I said to
myself:

"Forsooth, hadst thou kept thy tongue between thy teeth thou
mightest have been something, if it had been but a parson of a
town, and comfortable to many a poor man; and then mightest thou
have clad here and there the naked back, and filled the empty
belly, and holpen many, and men would have spoken well of thee,
and of thyself thou hadst thought well; and all this hast
thou lost for lack of a word here and there to some great
man, and a little winking of the eyes amidst murder and wrong and
unruth; and now thou art nought and helpless, and the hemp for
thee is sown and grown and heckled and spun, and lo there, the
rope for thy gallows-tree!--all for nought, for nought.

"Forsooth, my friends, thus I thought and sorrowed in my
feebleness that I had not been a traitor to the Fellowship of the
Church, for e'en so evil was my foolish imagination.

"Yet, forsooth, as I fell a-pondering over all the comfort and
help that I might have been and that I might have had, if I had
been but a little of a trembling cur to creep and crawl before
abbot and bishop and baron and bailiff, came the thought over me
of the evil of the world wherewith I, John Ball, the rascal
hedge-priest, had fought and striven in the Fellowship of the
saints in heaven and poor men upon earth.

"Yea, forsooth, once again I saw as of old, the great treading
down the little, and the strong beating down the weak, and cruel
men fearing not, and kind men daring not, and wise men caring
not; and the saints in heaven forbearing and yet bidding me not
to forbear; forsooth, I knew once more that he who doeth well in
fellowship, and because of fellowship, shall not fail though he
seem to fail to-day, but in days hereafter shall he and his work
yet be alive, and men be holpen by them to strive again and yet
again; and yet indeed even that was little, since, forsooth, to
strive was my pleasure and my life.

"So I became a man once more, and I rose up to my feet and went
up and down my prison what I could for my hopples, and into my
mouth came words of good cheer, even such as we to-day have sung,
and stoutly I sang them, even as we now have sung them; and then
did I rest me, and once more thought of those pleasant fields
where I would be, and all the life of man and beast about
them, and I said to myself that I should see them once more
before I died, if but once it were.

"Forsooth, this was strange, that whereas before I longed for
them and yet saw them not, now that my longing was slaked my
vision was cleared, and I saw them as though the prison walls
opened to me and I was out of Canterbury street and amidst the
green meadows of April; and therewithal along with me folk that I
have known and who are dead, and folk that are living; yea, and
all those of the Fellowship on earth and in heaven; yea, and all
that are here this day. Overlong were the tale to tell of them,
and of the time that is gone.

"So thenceforward I wore through the days with no such faint
heart, until one day the prison opened verily and in the
daylight, and there were ye, my fellows, in the door--your faces
glad, your hearts light with hope, and your hands heavy with
wrath; then I saw and understood what was to do. Now, therefore,
do ye understand it!"

His voice was changed, and grew louder than loud now, as he cast
his hands abroad towards that company with those last words of
his; and I could feel that all shame and fear was falling from
those men, and that mere fiery manhood was shining through their
wonted English shamefast stubbornness, and that they were moved
indeed and saw the road before them. Yet no man spoke, rather
the silence of the men-folk deepened, as the sun's rays grew more
level and more golden, and the swifts wheeled about shriller and
louder than before.
Then again John Ball spoke and said, "In good sooth, I deem ye
wot no worse than I do what is to do--and first that somewhat we
shall do--since it is for him that is lonely or in prison to
dream of fellowship, but for him that is of a fellowship to do
and not to dream.

"And next, ye know who is the foeman, and that is the proud man,
the oppressor, who scorneth fellowship, and himself is a world to
himself and needeth no helper nor helpeth any, but, heeding no
law, layeth law on other men because he is rich; and surely every
one that is rich is such an one, nor may be other.

"Forsooth, in the belly of every rich man dwelleth a devil of
hell, and when the man would give his goods to the poor, the
devil within him gainsayeth it, and saith, `Wilt thou then be of
the poor, and suffer cold and hunger and mocking as they suffer,
then give thou thy goods to them, and keep them not.'  And when
he would be compassionate, again saith the devil to him, `If thou
heed these losels and turn on them a face like to their faces,
and deem of them as men, then shall they scorn thee, and evil
shall come of it, and even one day they shall fall on thee to
slay thee when they have learned that thou art but as they be.'

"Ah, woe worth the while! too oft he sayeth sooth, as the wont of
the devil is, that lies may be born of the barren truth; and
sooth it is that the poor deemeth the rich to be other than he,
and meet to be his master, as though, forsooth, the poor were
come of Adam, and the rich of him that made Adam, that is God;
and thus the poor man oppresseth the poor man, because he feareth
the oppressor. Nought such are ye, my brethren; or else why are
ye gathered here in harness to bid all bear witness of you that
ye are the sons of one man and one mother, begotten of the
earth?"

As he said the words there came a stir among the weapons of the
throng, and they pressed closer round the cross, yet with held
the shout as yet which seemed gathering in their bosoms.

And again he said:

"Forsooth, too many rich men there are in this realm; and yet if
there were but one, there would be one too many, for all should
be his thralls. Hearken, then, ye men of Kent. For overlong
belike have I held you with words; but the love of you
constrained me, and the joy that a man hath to babble to his
friends and his fellows whom he hath not seen for a long season.

"Now, hearken, I bid you: To the rich men that eat up a realm
there cometh a time when they whom they eat up, that is the poor,
seem poorer than of wont, and their complaint goeth up louder to
the heavens; yet it is no riddle to say that oft at such times
the fellowship of the poor is waxing stronger, else would no man
have heard his cry. Also at such times is the rich man become
fearful, and so waxeth in cruelty, and of that cruelty do people
misdeem that it is power and might waxing. Forsooth, ye are
stronger than your fathers, because ye are more grieved than
they, and ye should have been less grieved than they had ye been
horses and swine; and then, forsooth, would ye have been stronger
to bear; but ye, ye are not strong to bear, but to do.

"And wot ye why we are come to you this fair eve of holiday? and
wot ye why I have been telling of fellowship to you? Yea,
forsooth, I deem ye wot well, that it is for this cause, that ye
might bethink you of your fellowship with the men of Essex."

His last word let loose the shout that had been long on all men's
lips, and great and fierce it was as it rang shattering through
the quiet upland village. But John Ball held up his hand, and
the shout was one and no more.

Then he spoke again:

"Men of Kent, I wot well that ye are not so hard bested as those
of other shires, by the token of the day when behind the screen
of leafy boughs ye met Duke William with bill and bow as he
wended Londonward from that woeful field of Senlac; but I have
told of fellowship, and ye have hearkened and understood what the
Holy Church is, whereby ye know that ye are fellows of the
saints in heaven and the poor men of Essex; and as one day the
saints shall call you to the heavenly feast, so now do the poor
men call you to the battle.

"Men of Kent, ye dwell fairly here, and your houses are framed of
stout oak beams, and your own lands ye till; unless some accursed
lawyer with his false lying sheepskin and forged custom of the
Devil's Manor hath stolen it from you; but in Essex slaves they
be and villeins, and worse they shall be, and the lords swear
that ere a year be over ox and horse shall go free in Essex, and
man and woman shall draw the team and the plough; and north away
in the east countries dwell men in poor halls of wattled reeds
and mud, and the north-east wind from off the fen whistles
through them; and poor they be to the letter; and there him whom
the lord spareth, the bailiff squeezeth, and him whom the bailiff
forgetteth, the Easterling Chapman sheareth; yet be these
stout men and valiant, and your very brethren.

"And yet if there be any man here so base as to think that a
small matter, let him look to it that if these necks abide under
the yoke, Kent shall sweat for it ere it be long; and ye shall
lose acre and close and woodland, and be servants in your own
houses, and your sons shall be the lords' lads, and your
daughters their lemans, and ye shall buy a bold word with many
stripes, and an honest deed with a leap from the gallows-tree.

"Bethink ye, too, that ye have no longer to deal with Duke
William, who, if he were a thief and a cruel lord, was yet a
prudent man and a wise warrior; but cruel are these, and
headstrong, yea, thieves and fools in one--and ye shall lay their
heads in the dust."

A shout would have arisen again, but his eager voice rising
higher yet, restrained it as he said:

"And how shall it be then when these are gone? What else shall
ye lack when ye lack masters? Ye shall not lack for the fields
ye have tilled, nor the houses ye have built, nor the cloth ye
have woven; all these shall be yours, and whatso ye will of all
that the earth beareth; then shall no man mow the deep grass for
another, while his own kine lack cow-meat; and he that soweth
shall reap, and the reaper shall eat in fellowship the harvest
that in fellowship he hath won; and he that buildeth a house
shall dwell in it with those that he biddeth of his free will;
and the tithe barn shall garner the wheat for all men to eat of
when the seasons are untoward, and the rain-drift hideth the
sheaves in August; and all shall be without money and without
price. Faithfully and merrily then shall all men keep the
holidays of the Church in peace of body and joy of heart. And
man shall help man, and the saints in heaven shall be glad,
because men no more fear each other; and the churl shall be
ashamed, and shall hide his churlishness till it be gone, and he
be no more a churl; and fellowship shall be established in heaven
and on the earth."

CHAPTER V

THEY HEAR TIDINGS OF BATTLE AND
MAKE THEM READY

He left off as one who had yet something else to say; and,
indeed, I thought he would give us some word as to the trysting-
place, and whither the army was to go from it; because it was now
clear to me that this gathering was but a band of an army. But
much happened before John Ball spoke again from the cross, and it
was on this wise.

When there was silence after the last shout that the crowd had
raised a while ago, I thought I heard a thin sharp noise far
away, somewhat to the north of the cross, which I took rather for
the sound of a trumpet or horn, than for the voice of a man or
any beast. Will Green also seemed to have heard it,
for he turned his head sharply and then back again, and looked
keenly into the crowd as though seeking to catch some one's eye.
There was a very tall man standing by the prisoner on the horse
near the outskirts of the crowd, and holding his bridle. This
man, who was well-armed, I saw look up and say something to the
prisoner, who stooped down and seemed to whisper him in turn.
The tall man nodded his head and the prisoner got off his horse,
which was a cleaner-limbed, better-built beast than the others
belonging to the band, and the tall man quietly led him a little
way from the crowd, mounted him, and rode off northward at a
smart pace.

Will Green looked on sharply at all this, and when the man rode
off, smiled as one who is content, and deems that all is going
well, and settled himself down again to listen to the priest.

But now when John Ball had ceased speaking, and after another
shout, and a hum of excited pleasure and hope that followed it,
there was silence again, and as the priest addressed himself to
speaking once more, he paused and turned his head towards the
wind, as if he heard something, which certainly I heard, and
belike every one in the throng, though it was not over-loud, far
as sounds carry in clear quiet evenings. It was the thump-a-
thump of a horse drawing near at a hand-gallop along the grassy
upland road; and I knew well it was the tall man coming back with
tidings, the purport of which I could well guess.

I looked up at Will Green's face. He was smiling as one pleased,
and said softly as he nodded to me, "Yea, shall we see the grey-
goose fly this eve?"

But John Ball said in a great voice from the cross, "Hear ye the
tidings on the way, fellows! Hold ye together and look to your
gear; yet hurry not, for no great matter shall this be. I wot
well there is little force between Canterbury and Kingston,
for the lords are looking north of Thames toward Wat Tyler and
his men. Yet well it is, well it is!"

The crowd opened and spread out a little, and the men moved about
in it, some tightening a girdle, some getting their side arms
more within reach of their right hands, and those who had bows
stringing them.

Will Green set hand and foot to the great shapely piece of
polished red yew, with its shining horn tips, which he carried,
and bent it with no seeming effort; then he reached out his hand
over his shoulder and drew out a long arrow, smooth, white,
beautifully balanced, with a barbed iron head at one end, a horn
nock and three strong goose feathers at the other. He held it
loosely between the finger and thumb of his right hand, and there
he stood with a thoughtful look on his face, and in his hands one
of the most terrible weapons which a strong man has ever
carried, the English long-bow and cloth-yard shaft.

But all this while the sound of the horse's hoofs was growing
nearer, and presently from the corner of the road amidst the
orchards broke out our long friend, his face red in the sun near
sinking now. He waved his right hand as he came in sight of us,
and sang out, "Bills and bows! bills and bows!" and the whole
throng turned towards him and raised a great shout.

He reined up at the edge of the throng, and spoke in a loud
voice, so that all might hear him:

"Fellows, these are the tidings; even while our priest was
speaking we heard a horn blow far off; so I bade the sergeant we
have taken, and who is now our fellow-in-arms, to tell me where
away it was that there would be folk a-gathering, and what they
were; and he did me to wit that mayhappen Sir John Newton was
stirring from Rochester Castle; or, maybe, it was the sheriff
and Rafe Hopton with him; so I rode off what I might towards
Hartlip, and I rode warily, and that was well, for as I came
through a little wood between Hartlip and Guildstead, I saw
beyond it a gleam of steel, and lo in the field there a company,
and a pennon of Rafe Hopton's arms, and that is blue and thereon
three silver fish: and a pennon of the sheriff's arms, and that
is a green tree; and withal another pennon of three red kine, and
whose they be I know not.[1]

[1] Probably one of the Calverlys, a Cheshire family, one of whom
was a noted captain in the French wars.

"There tied I my horse in the middle of the wood, and myself I
crept along the dyke to see more and to hear somewhat; and no
talk I heard to tell of save at whiles a big knight talking to
five or six others, and saying somewhat, wherein came the words
London and Nicholas Bramber, and King Richard; but I saw that of
men-at-arms and sergeants there might be a hundred, and of
bows not many, but of those outland arbalests maybe a fifty; and
so, what with one and another of servants and tipstaves and lads,
some three hundred, well armed, and the men-at-arms of the best.
Forsooth, my masters, there had I been but a minute, ere the big
knight broke off his talk, and cried out to the music to blow up,
`And let us go look on these villeins,' said he; and withal the
men began to gather in a due and ordered company, and their faces
turned hitherward; forsooth, I got to my horse, and led him out
of the wood on the other side, and so to saddle and away along
the green roads; neither was I seen or chased. So look ye to it,
my masters, for these men will be coming to speak with us; nor is
there need for haste, but rather for good speed; for in some
twenty or thirty minutes will be more tidings to hand."

By this time one of our best-armed men had got through the throng
and was standing on the cross beside John Ball. When the
long man had done, there was confused noise of talk for a while,
and the throng spread itself out more and more, but not in a
disorderly manner; the bowmen drawing together toward the
outside, and the billmen forming behind them. Will Green was
still standing beside me and had hold of my arm, as though he
knew both where he and I were to go.

"Fellows," quoth the captain from the cross, "belike this stour
shall not live to be older than the day, if ye get not into a
plump together for their arbalestiers to shoot bolts into, and
their men-at-arms to thrust spears into. Get you to the edge of
the crofts and spread out there six feet between man and man, and
shoot, ye bowmen, from the hedges, and ye with the staves keep
your heads below the level of the hedges, or else for all they be
thick a bolt may win its way in."

He grinned as he said this, and there was laughter enough in
the throng to have done honour to a better joke.

Then he sung out, "Hob Wright, Rafe Wood, John Pargetter, and
thou Will Green, bestir ye and marshal the bowshot; and thou
Nicholas Woodyer shall be under me Jack Straw in ordering of the
staves. Gregory Tailor and John Clerk, fair and fine are ye clad
in the arms of the Canterbury bailiffs; ye shall shine from afar;
go ye with the banner into the highway, and the bows on either
side shall ward you; yet jump, lads, and over the hedge with you
when the bolts begin to fly your way! Take heed, good fellows
all, that our business is to bestride the highway, and not let
them get in on our flank the while; so half to the right, half to
the left of the highway. Shoot straight and strong, and waste no
breath with noise; let the loose of the bowstring cry for you!
and look you! think it no loss of manhood to cover your bodies
with tree and bush; for one of us who know is worth a hundred
of those proud fools. To it, lads, and let them see what the
grey goose bears between his wings! Abide us here, brother John
Ball, and pray for us if thou wilt; but for me, if God will not
do for Jack Straw what Jack Straw would do for God were he in
like case, I can see no help for it."

"Yea, forsooth," said the priest, "here will I abide you my
fellows if ye come back; or if ye come not back, here will I
abide the foe. Depart, and the blessing of the Fellowship be
with you."

Down then leapt Jack Straw from the cross, and the whole throng
set off without noise or hurry, soberly and steadily in outward
seeming. Will Green led me by the hand as if I were a boy, yet
nothing he said, being forsooth intent on his charge. We were
some four hundred men in all; but I said to myself that without
some advantage of the ground we were lost men before the men-at-
arms that long Gregory Tailor had told us of; for I had not
seen as yet the yard-long shaft at its work.

We and somewhat more than half of our band turned into the
orchards on the left of the road, through which the level rays of
the low sun shone brightly. The others took up their position on
the right side of it. We kept pretty near to the road till we
had got through all the closes save the last, where we were
brought up by a hedge and a dyke, beyond which lay a wide-open
nearly treeless space, not of tillage, as at the other side of
the place, but of pasture, the common grazing ground of the
township. A little stream wound about through the ground, with a
few willows here and there; there was only a thread of water in
it in this hot summer tide, but its course could easily be traced
by the deep blue-green of the rushes that grew plenteously in the
bed. Geese were lazily wandering about and near this brook, and
a herd of cows, accompanied by the town bull, were feeding on
quietly, their heads all turned one way; while half a dozen
calves marched close together side by side like a plump of
soldiers, their tails swinging in a kind of measure to keep off
the flies, of which there was great plenty. Three or four lads
and girls were sauntering about, heeding or not heeding the
cattle. They looked up toward us as we crowded into the last
close, and slowly loitered off toward the village. Nothing
looked like battle; yet battle sounded in the air; for now we
heard the beat of the horse-hoofs of the men-at-arms coming on
towards us like the rolling of distant thunder, and growing
louder and louder every minute; we were none too soon in turning
to face them. Jack Straw was on our side of the road, and with a
few gestures and a word or two he got his men into their places.
Six archers lined the hedge along the road where the banner of
Adam and Eve, rising above the grey leaves of the apple-trees,
challenged the new-comers; and of the billmen also he kept a good
few ready to guard the road in case the enemy should try to
rush it with the horsemen. The road, not being a Roman one, was,
you must remember, little like the firm smooth country roads that
you are used to; it was a mere track between the hedges and
fields, partly grass-grown, and cut up by the deep-sunk ruts
hardened by the drought of summer. There was a stack of fagot
and small wood on the other side, and our men threw themselves
upon it and set to work to stake the road across for a rough
defence against the horsemen.

What befell more on the road itself I had not much time to note,
for our bowmen spread themselves out along the hedge that looked
into the pasture-field, leaving some six feet between man and
man; the rest of the billmen went along with the bowmen, and
halted in clumps of some half-dozen along their line, holding
themselves ready to help the bowmen if the enemy should run up
under their shafts, or to run on to lengthen the line in case
they should try to break in on our flank. The hedge in front of
us was of quick. It had been strongly plashed in the past
February, and was stiff and stout. It stood on a low bank;
moreover, the level of the orchard was some thirty inches higher
than that of the field. and the ditch some two foot deeper than
the face of the field. The field went winding round to beyond
the church, making a quarter of a circle about the village, and
at the western end of it were the butts whence the folk were
coming from shooting when I first came into the village street.

Altogether, to me who knew nothing of war the place seemed
defensible enough. I have said that the road down which Long
Gregory came with his tidings went north; and that was its
general direction; but its first reach was nearly east, so that
the low sun was not in the eyes of any of us, and where Will
Green took his stand, and I with him, it was nearly at our backs.

CHAPTER VI

THE BATTLE AT THE TOWNSHIP'S END

Our men had got into their places leisurely and coolly enough,
and with no lack of jesting and laughter. As we went along the
hedge by the road, the leaders tore off leafy twigs from the low
oak bushes therein, and set them for a rallying sign in their
hats and headpieces, and two or three of them had horns for
blowing.

Will Green, when he got into his place, which was thirty yards
from where Jack Straw and the billmen stood in the corner of the
two hedges, the road hedge and the hedge between the close and
field, looked to right and left of him a moment, then turned to
the man on the left and said:

"Look you, mate, when you hear our horns blow ask no more
questions, but shoot straight and strong at whatso cometh towards
us, till ye hear more tidings from Jack Straw or from me. Pass
that word onward."

Then he looked at me and said:

"Now, lad from Essex, thou hadst best sit down out of the way at
once: forsooth I wot not why I brought thee hither. Wilt thou
not back to the cross, for thou art little of a fighting-man?"

"Nay," said I, "I would see the play. What shall come of it?"

"Little," said he; "we shall slay a horse or twain maybe. I will
tell thee, since thou hast not seen a fight belike, as I have
seen some, that these men-at-arms cannot run fast either to the
play or from it, if they be a-foot; and if they come on a-
horseback, what shall hinder me to put a shaft into the poor
beast? But down with thee on the daisies, for some shot there
will be first."

As he spoke he was pulling off his belts and other gear, and
his coat, which done, he laid his quiver on the ground, girt him
again, did his axe and buckler on to his girdle, and hung up his
other attire on the nearest tree behind us. Then he opened his
quiver and took out of it some two dozen of arrows, which he
stuck in the ground beside him ready to his hand. Most of the
bowmen within sight were doing the like.

As I glanced toward the houses I saw three or four bright figures
moving through the orchards, and presently noted that they were
women, all clad more or less like the girl in the Rose, except
that two of them wore white coifs on their heads. Their errand
there was clear, for each carried a bundle of arrows under her
arm.

One of them came straight up to Will Green, and I could see at
once that she was his daughter. She was tall and strongly made,
with black hair like her father, somewhat comely, though no great
beauty; but as they met, her eyes smiled even more than her
mouth, and made her face look very sweet and kind, and the smile
was answered back in a way so quaintly like to her father's face,
that I too smiled for goodwill and pleasure.

"Well, well, lass," said he, "dost thou think that here is Crecy
field toward, that ye bring all this artillery? Turn back, my
girl, and set the pot on the fire; for that shall we need when we
come home, I and this ballad-maker here."

"Nay," she said, nodding kindly at me, "if this is to be no
Crecy, then may I stop to see, as well as the ballad-maker, since
he hath neither sword nor staff?"

"Sweetling," he said, "get thee home in haste. This play is but
little, yet mightest thou be hurt in it; and trust me the time
may come, sweetheart, when even thou and such as thou shalt hold
a sword or a staff. Ere the moon throws a shadow we shall be
back."

She turned away lingering, not without tears on her face,
laid the sheaf of arrows at the foot of the tree, and hastened
off through the orchard. I was going to say something, when Will
Green held up his hand as who would bid us hearken. The noise of
the horse-hoofs, after growing nearer and nearer, had ceased
suddenly, and a confused murmur of voices had taken the place of
it.

"Get thee down, and take cover, old lad," said Will Green; "the
dance will soon begin, and ye shall hear the music presently."

Sure enough as I slipped down by the hedge close to which I had
been standing, I heard the harsh twang of the bow-strings, one,
two, three, almost together, from the road, and even the whew of
the shafts, though that was drowned in a moment by a confused but
loud and threatening shout from the other side, and again the
bowstrings clanged, and this time a far-off clash of arms
followed, and therewithal that cry of a strong man that comes
without his will, and is so different from his wonted voice that
one has a guess thereby of the change that death is. Then for a
while was almost silence; nor did our horns blow up, though some
half-dozen of the billmen had leapt into the road when the bows
first shot. But presently came a great blare of trumpets and
horns from the other side, and therewith as it were a river of
steel and bright coats poured into the field before us, and still
their horns blew as they spread out toward the left of our line;
the cattle in the pasture-field, heretofore feeding quietly,
seemed frightened silly by the sudden noise, and ran about tail
in air and lowing loudly; the old bull with his head a little
lowered, and his stubborn legs planted firmly, growling
threateningly; while the geese about the brook waddled away
gobbling and squeaking; all which seemed so strange to us along
with the threat of sudden death that rang out from the bright
array over against us, that we laughed outright, the most of
us, and Will Green put down his head in mockery of the bull and
grunted like him, whereat we laughed yet more. He turned round
to me as he nocked his arrow, and said:

"I would they were just fifty paces nigher, and they move not.
Ho! Jack Straw, shall we shoot?"

For the latter-named was nigh us now; he shook his head and said
nothing as he stood looking at the enemy's line.

"Fear not but they are the right folk, Jack," quoth Will Green.

"Yea, yea," said he, "but abide awhile; they could make nought of
the highway, and two of their sergeants had a message from the
grey-goose feather. Abide, for they have not crossed the road to
our right hand, and belike have not seen our fellows on the other
side, who are now for a bushment to them."

I looked hard at the man. He was a tall, wiry, and broad-
shouldered fellow, clad in a handsome armour of bright steel that
certainly had not been made for a yeoman, but over it he had a
common linen smock-frock or gabardine, like our field workmen
wear now or used to wear, and in his helmet he carried instead of
a feather a wisp of wheaten straw. He bore a heavy axe in his
hand besides the sword he was girt with, and round his neck hung
a great horn for blowing. I should say that I knew that there
were at least three "Jack Straws" among the fellowship of the
discontented, one of whom was over in Essex.

As we waited there, every bowman with his shaft nocked on the
string, there was a movement in the line opposite, and presently
came from it a little knot of three men, the middle one on
horseback, the other two armed with long-handled glaives; all
three well muffled up in armour. As they came nearer I could see
that the horseman had a tabard over his armour, gaily embroidered
with a green tree on a gold ground, and in his hand a
trumpet.

"They are come to summon us. Wilt thou that he speak, Jack?"
said Will Green.

"Nay," said the other; "yet shall he have warning first. Shoot
when my horn blows!"

And therewith he came up to the hedge, climbed over, slowly
because of his armour, and stood some dozen yards out in the
field. The man on horseback put his trumpet to his mouth and
blew a long blast, and then took a scroll into his hand and made
as if he were going to read; but Jack Straw lifted up his voice
and cried out:

"Do it not, or thou art but dead! We will have no accursed
lawyers and their sheep-skins here! Go back to those that sent
thee----"

But the man broke in in a loud harsh voice:

"Ho! YE PEOPLE! what will ye gathering in arms?"

Then cried Jack Straw:

"Sir Fool, hold your peace till ye have heard me, or else we
shoot at once. Go back to those that sent thee, and tell them
that we free men of Kent are on the way to London to speak with
King Richard, and to tell him that which he wots not; to wit,
that there is a certain sort of fools and traitors to the realm
who would put collars on our necks and make beasts of us, and
that it is his right and his devoir to do as he swore when he was
crowned and anointed at Westminster on the Stone of Doom, and
gainsay these thieves and traitors; and if he be too weak, then
shall we help him; and if he will not be king, then shall we have
one who will be, and that is the King's Son of Heaven. Now,
therefore, if any withstand us on our lawful errand as we go to
speak with our own king and lord, let him look to it. Bear back
this word to them that sent thee. But for thee, hearken, thou
bastard of an inky sheep-skin! get thee gone and tarry not;
three times shall I lift up my hand, and the third time look to
thyself, for then shalt thou hear the loose of our bowstrings,
and after that nought else till thou hearest the devil bidding
thee welcome to hell!"

Our fellows shouted, but the summoner began again, yet in a
quavering voice:

"Ho! YE PEOPLE! what will ye gathering in arms? Wot ye not that
ye are doing or shall do great harm, loss, and hurt to the king's
lieges----"

He stopped; Jack Straw's hand was lowered for the second time.
He looked to his men right and left, and then turned rein and
turned tail, and scuttled back to the main body at his swiftest.
Huge laughter rattled out all along our line as Jack Straw
climbed back into the orchard grinning also.

Then we noted more movement in the enemy's line. They were
spreading the archers and arbalestiers to our left, and the men-
at-arms and others also spread some, what under the three
pennons of which Long Gregory had told us, and which were plain
enough to us in the dear evening. Presently the moving line
faced us, and the archers set off at a smart pace toward us, the
men-at-arms holding back a little behind them. I knew now that
they had been within bowshot all along, but our men were loth to
shoot before their first shots would tell, like those half-dozen
in the road when, as they told me afterwards, a plump of their
men-at-arms had made a show of falling on.

But now as soon as those men began to move on us directly in
face, Jack Straw put his horn to his lips and blew a loud rough
blast that was echoed by five or six others along the orchard
hedge. Every man had his shaft nocked on the string; I watched
them, and Will Green specially; he and his bow and its string
seemed all of a piece, so easily by seeming did he draw the nock
of the arrow to his ear. A moment, as he took his aim, and
then--O then did I understand the meaning of the awe with
which the ancient poet speaks of the loose of the god Apollo's
bow; for terrible indeed was the mingled sound of the twanging
bowstring and the whirring shaft so close to me.

I was now on my knees right in front of Will and saw all clearly;
the arbalestiers (for no long-bow men were over against our
stead) had all of them bright headpieces, and stout body-armour
of boiled leather with metal studs, and as they came towards us,
I could see over their shoulders great wooden shields hanging at
their backs. Further to our left their long-bow men had shot
almost as soon as ours, and I heard or seemed to hear the rush of
the arrows through the apple-boughs and a man's cry therewith;
but with us the long-bow had been before the cross-bow; one of
the arbalestiers fell outright, his great shield clattering down
on him, and moved no more; while three others were hit and were
crawling to the rear. The rest had shouldered their bows and
were aiming, but I thought unsteadily; and before the
triggers were drawn again Will Green had nocked and loosed, and
not a few others of our folk; then came the wooden hail of the
bolts rattling through the boughs, but all overhead and no one
hit.

The next time Will Green nocked his arrow he drew with a great
shout, which all our fellows took up; for the arbalestiers
instead of turning about in their places covered by their great
shields and winding up their cross-bows for a second shot, as is
the custom of such soldiers, ran huddling together toward their
men-at-arms, our arrows driving thump-thump into their shields as
they ran: I saw four lying on the field dead or sore wounded.

But our archers shouted again, and kept on each plucking the
arrows from the ground, and nocking and loosing swiftly but
deliberately at the line before them; indeed now was the time for
these terrible bowmen, for as Will Green told me afterwards they
always reckoned to kill through cloth or leather at five
hundred yards, and they had let the cross-bow men come nearly
within three hundred, and these were now all mingled and muddled
up with the men-at-arms at scant five hundred yards' distance;
and belike, too, the latter were not treating them too well, but
seemed to be belabouring them with their spear-staves in their
anger at the poorness of the play; so that as Will Green said it
was like shooting at hay-ricks.

All this you must understand lasted but a few minutes, and when
our men had been shooting quite coolly, like good workmen at
peaceful work, for a few minutes more, the enemy's line seemed to
clear somewhat; the pennon with the three red kine showed in
front and three men armed from head to foot in gleaming steel,
except for their short coats bright with heraldry, were with it.
One of them (and he bore the three kine on his coat) turned round
and gave some word of command, and an angry shout went up
from them, and they came on steadily towards us, the man with the
red kine on his coat leading them, a great naked sword in his
hand: you must note that they were all on foot; but as they drew
nearer I saw their horses led by grooms and pages coming on
slowly behind them.

Sooth said Will Green that the men-at-arms run not fast either to
or fro the fray; they came on no faster than a hasty walk, their
arms clashing about them and the twang of the bows and whistle of
the arrows never failing all the while, but going on like the
push of the westerly gale, as from time to time the men-at-arms
shouted, "Ha! ha! out! out! Kentish thieves!"

But when they began to fall on, Jack Straw shouted out, "Bills to
the field! bills to the field!"

Then all our billmen ran up and leapt over the hedge into the
meadow and stood stoutly along the ditch under our bows, Jack
Straw in the forefront handling his great axe. Then he cast it
into his left hand, caught up his horn and winded it loudly. The
men-at-arms drew near steadily, some fell under the arrow-storm,
but not a many; for though the target was big, it was hard, since
not even the cloth-yard shaft could pierce well-wrought armour of
plate, and there was much armour among them. Withal the
arbalestiers were shooting again, but high and at a venture, so
they did us no hurt.

But as these soldiers made wise by the French war were now
drawing near, and our bowmen were casting down their bows and
drawing their short swords, or handling their axes, as did Will
Green, muttering, "Now must Hob Wright's gear end this play"--
while this was a-doing, lo, on a sudden a flight of arrows from
our right on the flank of the sergeants' array, which stayed them
somewhat; not because it slew many men, but because they began to
bethink them that their foes were many and all around them;
then the road-hedge on the right seemed alive with armed men, for
whatever could hold sword or staff amongst us was there; every
bowman also leapt our orchard-hedge sword or axe in hand, and
with a great shout, billmen, archers, and all, ran in on them;
half-armed, yea, and half-naked some of them; strong and stout
and lithe and light withal, the wrath of battle and the hope of
better times lifting up their hearts till nothing could withstand
them. So was all mingled together, and for a minute or two was a
confused clamour over which rose a clatter like the riveting of
iron plates, or the noise of the street of coppersmiths at
Florence; then the throng burst open and the steel-clad sergeants
and squires and knights ran huddling and shuffling towards their
horses; but some cast down their weapons and threw up their hands
and cried for peace and ransom; and some stood and fought
desperately, and slew some till they were hammered down by
many strokes, and of these were the bailiffs and tipstaves, and
the lawyers and their men, who could not run and hoped for no
mercy.

I looked as on a picture and wondered, and my mind was at strain
to remember something forgotten, which yet had left its mark on
it. I heard the noise of the horse-hoofs of the fleeing men-at-
arms (the archers and arbalestiers had scattered before the last
minutes of the play), I heard the confused sound of laughter and
rejoicing down in the meadow, and close by me the evening wind
lifting the lighter twigs of the trees, and far away the many
noises of the quiet country, till light and sound both began to
fade from me and I saw and heard nothing.

I leapt up to my feet presently and there was Will Green before
me as I had first seen him in the street with coat and hood and
the gear at his girdle and his unstrung bow in his hand; his face
smiling and kind again, but maybe a thought sad.

"Well," quoth I, "what is the tale for the ballad-maker?"

"As Jack Straw said it would be," said he, "`the end of the day
and the end of the fray;'" and he pointed to the brave show of
the sky over the sunken sun; "the knights fled and the sheriff
dead: two of the lawyer kind slain afield, and one hanged: and
cruel was he to make them cruel: and three bailiffs knocked on
the head--stout men, and so witless, that none found their brains
in their skulls; and five arbalestiers and one archer slain, and
a score and a half of others, mostly men come back from the
French wars, men of the Companions there, knowing no other craft
than fighting for gold; and this is the end they are paid for.
Well, brother, saving the lawyers who belike had no souls, but
only parchment deeds and libels of the same, God rest their
souls!"

He fell a-musing; but I said, "And of our Fellowship were any
slain?"

"Two good men of the township," he said, "Hob Horner and
Antony Webber, were slain outright, Hob with a shaft and Antony
in the hand-play, and John Pargetter hurt very sore on the
shoulder with a glaive; and five more men of the Fellowship slain
in the hand-play, and some few hurt, but not sorely. And as to
those slain, if God give their souls rest it is well; for little
rest they had on the earth belike; but for me, I desire rest no
more."

I looked at him and our eyes met with no little love; and I
wondered to see how wrath and grief within him were contending
with the kindness of the man, and how clear the tokens of it were
in his face.

"Come now, old lad," said he, "for I deem that John Ball and Jack
Straw have a word to say to us at the cross yet, since these men
broke off the telling of the tale; there shall we know what we
are to take in hand to-morrow. And afterwards thou shalt eat and
drink in my house this once, if never again "

So we went through the orchard closes again; and others were
about and anigh us, all turned towards the cross as we went over
the dewy grass, whereon the moon was just beginning to throw
shadows.

CHAPTER VII

MORE WORDS AT THE CROSS

I got into my old place again on the steps of the cross, Will
Green beside me, and above me John Ball and Jack Straw again.
The moon was half-way up the heavens now, and the short summer
night had begun, calm and fragrant, with just so much noise
outside our quiet circle as made one feel the world alive and
happy.

We waited silently until we had heard John Ball and the story of
what was to do; and presently he began to speak.

"Good people, it is begun, but not ended. Which of you is hardy
enough to wend the road to London to-morrow?"

"All! All!" they shouted.

"Yea," said he, "even so I deemed of you. Yet forsooth
hearken! London is a great and grievous city; and mayhappen when
ye come thither it shall seem to you overgreat to deal with, when
ye remember the little townships and the cots ye came from.

"Moreover, when ye dwell here in Kent ye think forsooth of your
brethren in Essex or Suffolk, and there belike an end. But from
London ye may have an inkling of all the world, and over-
burdensome maybe shall that seem to you, a few and a feeble
people.

"Nevertheless I say to you, remember the Fellowship, in the hope
of which ye have this day conquered; and when ye come to London
be wise and wary; and that is as much as to say, be bold and
hardy; for in these days are ye building a house which shall not
be overthrown, and the world shall not be too great or too little
to hold it: for indeed it shall be the world itself, set free
from evil-doers for friends to dwell in."

He ceased awhile, but they hearkened still, as if something
more was coming. Then he said:

"To-morrow we shall take the road for Rochester; and most like it
were well to see what Sir John Newton in the castle may say to
us: for the man is no ill man, and hath a tongue well-shapen for
words; and it were well that we had him out of the castle and
away with us, and that we put a word in his mouth to say to the
King. And wot ye well, good fellows, that by then we come to
Rochester we shall be a goodly company, and ere we come to
Blackheath a very great company; and at London Bridge who shall
stay our host?

"Therefore there is nought that can undo us except our own selves
and our hearkening to soft words from those who would slay us.
They shall bid us go home and abide peacefully with our wives and
children while they, the lords and councillors and lawyers,
imagine counsel and remedy for us; and even so shall our own
folly bid us; and if we hearken thereto we are undone indeed;
for they shall fall upon our peace with war, and our wives and
children they shall take from us, and some of us they shall hang,
and some they shall scourge, and the others shall be their yoke-
beasts--yea, and worse, for they shall lack meat more.

"To fools hearken not, whether they be yourselves or your foemen,
for either shall lead you astray.

"With the lords parley not, for ye know already what they would
say to you, and that is, `Churl, let me bridle thee and saddle
thee, and eat thy livelihood that thou winnest, and call thee
hard names because I eat thee up; and for thee, speak not and do
not, save as I bid thee.'

"All that is the end of their parleying.

"Therefore be ye bold, and again bold, and thrice bold! Grip the
bow, handle the staff, draw the sword, and set on in the name of
the Fellowship!"

He ended amid loud shouts; but straight-way answering shouts
were heard, and a great noise of the winding of horns, and I
misdoubted a new onslaught; and some of those in the throng began
to string their bows and handle their bills; but Will Green
pulled me by the sleeve and said:

"Friends are these by the winding of their horns; thou art quit
for this night, old lad."  And then Jack Straw cried out from the
cross: "Fair and softly, my masters! These be men of our
Fellowship, and are for your guests this night; they are from the
bents this side of Medway, and are with us here because of the
pilgrimage road, and that is the best in these parts, and so the
shortest to Rochester. And doubt ye nothing of our being taken
unawares this night; for I have bidden and sent out watchers of
the ways, and neither a man's son nor a mare's son may come in on
us without espial. Now make we our friends welcome. Forsooth, I
looked for them an hour later; and had they come an hour
earlier yet, some heads would now lie on the cold grass which
shall lie on a feather bed to-night. But let be, since all is
well!

"Now get we home to our houses, and eat and drink and slumber
this night, if never once again, amid the multitude of friends
and fellows; and yet soberly and without riot, since so much work
is to hand. Moreover the priest saith, bear ye the dead men,
both friends and foes, into the chancel of the church, and there
this night he will wake them: but after to-morrow let the dead
abide to bury their dead!"

Therewith he leapt down from the cross, and Will and I bestirred
ourselves and mingled with the new-comers. They were some three
hundred strong, clad and armed in all ways like the people of our
township, except some half-dozen whose armour shone cold like ice
under the moonbeams. Will Green soon had a dozen of them by the
sleeve to come home with him to board and bed, and then I lost
him for some minutes, and turning about saw John Ball
standing behind me, looking pensively on all the stir and merry
humours of the joyous uplanders.

"Brother from Essex," said he, "shall I see thee again to-night?
I were fain of speech with thee; for thou seemest like one that
has seen more than most."

"Yea," said I, "if ye come to Will Green's house, for thither am
I bidden."

"Thither shall I come," said he, smiling kindly, "or no man I
know in field. Lo you, Will Green looking for something, and
that is me. But in his house will be song and the talk of many
friends; and forsooth I have words in me that crave to come out
in a quiet place where they may have each one his own answer. If
thou art not afraid of dead men who were alive and wicked this
morning, come thou to the church when supper is done, and there
we may talk all we will."

Will Green was standing beside us before he had done, with
his hand laid on the priest's shoulder, waiting till he had
spoken out; and as I nodded Yea to John Ball he said:

"Now, master priest, thou hast spoken enough this two or three
hours, and this my new brother must tell and talk in my house;
and there my maid will hear his wisdom which lay still under the
hedge e'en now when the bolts were abroad. So come ye, and ye
good fellows, come!"

So we turned away together into the little street. But while
John Ball had been speaking to me I felt strangely, as though I
had more things to say than the words I knew could make clear: as
if I wanted to get from other people a new set of words.
Moreover, as we passed up the street again I was once again
smitten with the great beauty of the scene; the houses, the
church with its new chancel and tower, snow-white in the
moonbeams now; the dresses and arms of the people, men and women
(for the latter were now mixed up with the men); their grave
sonorous language, and the quaint and measured forms of speech,
were again become a wonder to me and affected me almost to tears.

CHAPTER VIII

SUPPER AT WILL GREEN'S

I walked along with the others musing as if I did not belong to
them, till we came to Will Green's house. He was one of the
wealthier of the yeomen, and his house was one of those I told
you of, the lower story of which was built of stone. It had not
been built long, and was very trim and neat. The fit of wonder
had worn off me again by then I reached it, or perhaps I should
give you a closer description of it, for it was a handsome
yeoman's dwelling of that day, which is as much as saying it was
very beautiful. The house on the other side of it, the last
house in the village, was old or even ancient; all built of
stone, and except for a newer piece built on to it--a
hall, it seemed--had round arches, some of them handsomely
carved. I knew that this was the parson's house; but he was
another sort of priest than John Ball, and what for fear, what
for hatred, had gone back to his monastery with the two other
chantrey priests who dwelt in that house; so that the men of the
township, and more especially the women, were thinking gladly how
John Ball should say mass in their new chancel on the morrow.

Will